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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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| Koller, Martin; Schärer, Hans-Jakob. |
| Karotten sind eine wichtige Kultur im Biologischen Anbau. Im Vergleich zu anderen Gemüsearten weisen Karotten einen überproportionalen Bioanteil im Verkauf. Für Landwirtschaftsbetriebe sind sie anderseits ein wichtiger Ersatz von Zuckerrüben und Raps in der Fruchtfolge. Das wichtigste Anbauproblem sind Alternariakrankheiten am Blatt und an der Wurzel. Die wichtigsten Gegenmassnahmen sind, neben einer weiten Fruchtfolge (mindestens 4 Jahre Anbaupause) und möglichst windoffenen Lagen, robuste Sorten und gesundes Saatgut sowie bei starkem Befall die direkte Regulierung mit Kupferpräparaten. Bereits im Jahr 2003 wurden an der Strafanstalt Wauwilermoos Versuche mit behandeltem Saatgut durchgeführt. Dabei wurde das Saatgut mit Milchsäure behandelt. In... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/4851/1/Koller%2DSchaerer%2D2005%2Dkarotten.pdf |
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| Dagostin, Silvia; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Pertot, Ilaria; Tamm, Lucius. |
| Downy mildew caused by the obligate biotrophic oomycete Plasmopara viticola is one of the most important and devastating diseases of grapevine. Copper-based fungicides are used to control the disease in organic vineyards. However, since 2006, copper use has been limited by an European Commission regulation. In this study conducted from 2004 to 2007, we tested materials that might replace copper in organic viticulture, under controlled greenhouse and field conditions at two locations in Europe (northern Italy and Switzerland). We tested 112 different treatments, including biocontrol agents, materials of animal origin, homeopathic preparations, inorganic materials, microbial extracts, natural derivatives, plant extracts, physical methods and synthetic... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/26499/1/JCRP2633_DAgositn_etal_2011.pdf |
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| Thuerig, Barbara; Ramseyer, Justine; Hamburger, Matthias; Oberhänsli, Thomas; Potterat, Olivier; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Tamm, Lucius. |
| BACKGROUNd There is growing demand to replace chemical pesticides with alternatives owing to concerns related to impacts on human health and the environment. Plant-derived plant protection products could provide sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical products. The aim of this study was to identify plant and fungal extracts with so far unknown activity against important plant pathogens by in vitro screening of a library of more than 3000 extracts. RESULTS Several plant extracts with promising in vitro fungicidal activity (MIC100 ≤ 50 µg mL−1) towards one or several of the investigated pathogens (Venturia ineaqualis, Phytophthora infestans, Plasmopara viticola) were identified by the screening. One of the hits, an ethyl acetate... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Fruit and berries Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32110/1/Thuerig-etal-2016-Pest%20ManagSci-Vol72-p1718%E2%80%931726.pdf |
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| Thuerig, Barbara; Ramseyer, Justine; Hamburger, Matthias; Ludwig, Mathias; Oberhänsli, Thomas; Potterat, Olivier; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Tamm, Lucius. |
| In organic agriculture, the control of several diseases is largely depending on copper fungicides. Yet, copper can accumulate in the soil if the annual input exceeds annual uptake by plants, which can have a negative impact on soil fertility. Its use should thus be avoided or reduced. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a bark extract of Magnolia officinalis Rehder and Wilson to control three pathogens including Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & De Toni (causing grapevine downy mildew), Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter (causing apple scab), and Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary (causing potato and tomato late blight) under controlled and field conditions, and to identify compounds responsible for... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2018 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/33740/1/Thuerig-etal-2018_CropProtection_Vol114_p97-105.pdf |
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| Mulholland, Dulcie A.; Thürig, Barbara; Langat, Moses K.; Tamm, Lucius; Nawrot, Dorota A.; James, Emily E.; Qayyum, Meywish; Shen, Danni; Ennis, Kallie; Jones, Amy; Hokkanen, Heikki; Demidova, Natalie; Izotov, Denis; Schärer, Hans-Jakob. |
| Downy mildew caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola is the most devastating pathogen of grapevine. In this study, extracts of the bark of eight important northern forestry species were screened to find extracts showing activity against this pathogen and to identify the active compounds. Extracts from all eight species showed activity against P. viticola, the most promising, dichloromethane extracts of three Larix species, almost completely protecting grapevine from downy mildew under semi-controlled conditions. Five promising lead compounds were isolated: larixol, larixyl acetate, lariciresinol and lariciresinol acetate from Larix species and 7a,15-dihydroxydehydroabietic acid from Pinus sylvestris. These compounds showed 90%e100% efficacy. Larixol and... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/32106/1/Mulholland-etal-2017-CropProtection-Vol102-p104-109.pdf |
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| Daniel, Claudia; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Cahenzli, Fabian. |
| Die Kirschessigfliege (Drosophila suzukii) wurde 2008 aus Südostasien nach Europa einge-schleppt und verursacht seitdem z.T. massive Ertragsausfälle. Sie befällt alle Weichobstarten, wie z.B. Beeren, Kirschen, Zwetschgen und Trauben. Auch viele wilde Pflanzen, wie z.B. Ho-lunder und Schneeball dienen als Wirtspflanzen. Der Hauptschaden entsteht durch den Larven-frass an den Früchten. Da der Generationszyklus sehr kurz ist und daher mehrere Generationen parallel auftreten, kommt es zu einem starken Befallsdruck im Spätsommer und Herbst. Da Trauben länger hängen als z.B. Beeren und die Lese erst im Herbst stattfindet, ist in Reben mit einem besonders hohen Befallsdruck zu rechnen. Aufgrund der Witterungsbedingungen wurden im Jahr 2014 erstmals starke... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30490/1/Vinifikation_Organic_Eprints.pdf |
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| Ramseyer, Justine; Thuerig, Barbara; De Mieri, Maria; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Oberhänsli, Thomas; Gupta, Mahabir P.; Tamm, Lucius; Hamburger, Matthias; Potterat, Olivier. |
| An in-house library of more than 3000 extracts of plant and fungal origin was screened against some major plant pathogens. As one of the hits, an ethyl acetate extract from inflorescences of Verbesina lanata showed significant inhibitory activity in vitro against grapevine downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola), with a MIC100 value of 35 μg/mL. An emulsifiable concentrate formulation with 50 mg/g of the extract was developed for in vivo evaluation. A suspension of the formulation containing 1 mg/mL of extract lowered leaf surface infection of grapevine seedling by 82% compared to the nontreated control. With the aid of HPLC-based activity profiling, the antifungal activity was correlated with a series of lipophilic compounds. Preparative isolation by a... |
| Tipo: Journal paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2017 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/33016/1/ramseyer_etal_2017_JNatProd-Vol80_issue12-p3296-3304.pdf |
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| Daniel, Claudia; Schärer, Hans-Jakob; Cahenzli, Fabian. |
| La drosophile du cerisier (Drosophila suzukii), qui est arrivée en Europe en 2008 depuis le sud-est de l’Asie, peut provoquer des dégâts considérables. Elle s’attaque à tous les fruits tendres comme les baies, les cerises, les prunes et le raisin. Et de nombreuses plantes sauvages comme le sureau et la viorne obier lui servent de plantes-hôtes. Les dégâts sont principalement causés par les larves qui mangent les fruits de l’intérieur. Vu que le cycle de reproduction est très court et que plusieurs générations apparaissent en parallèle, c’est en fin d’été et en automne que la pression d’attaque est la plus forte. Il faut s’attendre à une pression d’attaque particulièrement forte dans les vignes puisque le raisin est récolté plus tard que la plupart des... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Crop health; Quality; Protection Viticulture. |
| Ano: 2016 |
URL: http://orgprints.org/30559/1/Vinifikation_Organic_Eprints_F.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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